The Pros and Cons of Year-Round School

Year-round school in the United States is neither a new concept nor an unusual one. Traditional school calendars and year-round schedules both provide students with about 180 days in the classroom. But instead of taking off much of the summertime, year-round school programs take a series of shorter breaks throughout the year. Advocates say the shorter breaks make it easier for students to retain knowledge and are less disruptive to the learning process. Detractors say the evidence to support this assertion is unconvincing. Traditional School Calendars Most public schools in America operate on the 10-month system, which gives students 180 days in the classroom. The school year typically begins a few weeks before or after Labor Day and concludes around Memorial Day, with time off during Christmas and New Years and again around Easter. This school schedule has been the default since the earliest days of the nation when the U.S. was still an agrarian society, and children were needed to work in the fields during the summer. Year-Round Schools Educators began experimenting with a more balanced school calendar in the early 1900s, but the idea of a year-round model didnt really catch on until the 1970s. Some advocates said it would help students retain knowledge. Others said it could help schools reduce overcrowding by staggering start times throughout the year.   The most common application of year-round education uses the 45-15 plan. Students attend school for 45 days, or about nine weeks, then take off for three weeks, or 15 school days. The normal breaks for holidays and spring remain in place with this calendar. Other ways to organize the calendar include the 60-20 and 90-30 plans. Single-track year-round education involves an entire school using the same calendar and getting the same holidays off. Multiple-track year-round education puts groups of students in school at different times with different vacations. Multitracking usually occurs when school districts want to save money. PeopleImages / Getty Images Arguments in Favor As of 2017, nearly 4,000 public schools in the U.S. follow a year-round schedule—around 10 percent of the nations students. Some of the most common reasons in favor of year-round schooling are as follows: Students tend to forget a lot during the summer, and shorter vacations might increase retention rates.School buildings unused in the summer are wasted resources.Short breaks provide time for students to receive enrichment education.Remediation can occur when it is most needed during the school year.Students get bored during the long break of summer.It gives families more options for scheduling vacations, rather than restricting travel to summertime.Other countries around the world use this system.Schools on year-round schedules can accommodate more students through multitracking. Rushay Booysen / EyeEm / Getty Images Arguments Against Opponents say year-round schooling hasnt proven to be as effective as its advocates claim. Some parents also complain that such schedules make it more difficult to plan family vacations or child care. Some of the most common arguments against year-round schools include: Studies have not conclusively proven the academic benefits.Students forget information just as easily with a three-week break as 10. Therefore, teachers on a year-round system end up with four periods of review instead of just one at a new school year.Summer programs such as youth camps suffer.Student summer employment becomes virtually impossible.Many older school buildings do not have air conditioning, making a year-round schedule impractical.Band and other extracurricular programs can run into problems scheduling practices and competitions, which often take place during the summer months.With multitracking, parents could have students at the same school on different schedules. School administrators considering year-round education should identify their goals and investigate whether a new calendar can help achieve them. When implementing any significant change, involving all stakeholders in the decision and the process improves the outcome. If students, teachers, and parents dont support a  new schedule, a transition could be difficult. Sources National Education Association staff. Research Spotlight on Year-Round Education. NEA.org, 2017. Niche.com staff. Schools Without Summer Break: An In-Depth Look at Year-Round Schooling. Niche.com, 12 April 2017. Weller, Chris. Year-Round School is Booming but Its Benefits Are Overhyped. BusinessInsider.com, 5 June 2017. Zubrzycki, Jacklyn. Year-Round Schooling Explained. Edweek.org, 18 December 2015.

Richard Contartesi Is An Effective Speaker - 903 Words

Richard Contartesi is an excellent speaker, and he introduced the audience to the hard choices of drunk driving. In fact, â€Å"someone is injured in a drunk driving incident every 120 seconds† (Jacobs, 1989). Due to this, Richie persuaded the somber audience to ponder the consequences of drinking and driving. In the final stages of his speech, people lavished him with a great applause, and he successfully persuaded me and many other audience members to take driving under the influence seriously, and to abstain from participating ourselves. Richie has a unique method of speaking. He presents a fact that is astounding, and then uses the audience’s immediate attention to introduce the problem. For example, Richie narrated to us a story about his friend, and the personal consequences he has felt. Richie’s friend, was drunk when he decided to drive home from school. On his way home, he swerved into the incoming lane, and killed a mother of two kids; the passenger was airlifted to the hospital, and Richie’s friend was partially ejected and crushed by his own vehicle (Contartesi, 2016). Upon hearing this story, members of the audience were astounded, and the emotional pathos he used produced the intended result of establishing his credibility. Since this was a personal issue to Richie, he had experienced it himself, and he won the audience’s trust. Also, he was able to successfully persuade most of the audience because of his emotional narrative that drove some to tears. Richie is a

Dimensions of Cultures in Business

Question: Discuss about theDimensions of Cultures in Business. Answer: Introduction This paper discusses several dimensions of culture in business by analysing 5 articles discussing cross cultural management. In doing so, the paper will make use of several examples of dimensions of culture by looking at different application of cross cultural theories. In doing so the paper will mainly discuss issues around cross cultural diversity and how various companies or organisations will be able to incorporate this into their organisational culture. The paper will also discuss the 7 dimensions of culture in business by looking at Trompenaars cultural dimensions and that of Hofstede theory on cultural change. At this the paper will give example of different cultural dimension from various countries and businesses with regard to the 5 magazine articles. The report thus discuses cultural challenges that managers face as they try to get in line with the internationalisation of their human resource practices as part of cross cultural management. The report will also discuss the a spects of corporate culture within the company by exploring Hofstede theory on cultural change and how it can best define cultural entry for a company. Knowledge According to Enterprise Magazine (2001), the more interconnected the world becoms, the closer our cultutres come together for empowerment.Thus it becomes important for organisations to conduct cultural assessment of the host country before entering or establishing grounds there. This will be analysed in relation to the economic environment, laws, eventual suppliers, market competitors and the culture of the area. Cultural background of the host country and its people is very vital to be analysed as in this this way the company products and services offers will be tailored in a design that will be embraced in the country so as to sell efficiently The Trompenaars 7 dimensions theory has been well utilized all around the world as a way of helping organisations understand and blend with different cultures. This makes it the perfect choice for making an entry in to the new country; if cultural is not analysed well then the organisation is bound to fail in the new market. Green, et al. (2002) adds that cross cultural dimensions are beneficial to both the employer and employee. Even through employers and stakeholders are interdependent in the workplace. Cultural dimension allow workers and employers to respect each others differences. This means that when organisation are able to understand and practice cross cultural dimensions then more lawsuits will be reduced and flexibility and creativity will be realized for these organisation. When it comes to the first dimension of relation to nature, it is found that companies which follow such culture are compared to outer-directed. In this regard, such companies will feel responsible for the greatness of the nature. However, this does not always mean that they will treat nature as being equal to God or the way that he would have desired. When discussing Trompenaars second element, relation to time, it usually looks that the past, present and the future. However, as they years pass by and the infrastructural and economic development continue to grow. The country as experienced an influx of people meaning that their cultural vision has also been affected. When an organisation decides to enter in to this market and introduced different cultures for their managers, it will be necessary to be understand and beware of ways that people manage their time and the host country and find ways of adjusting. The third dimension of universalism and particularism looks at ways that each ground is defined and how the culture in the organisation will be incorporated. For most organisations, this will be difficult to define since, if for example one takes the western people, they will view Islamic culture as being more particular to the Arabic world, however the Arabic world will find the western culture as more universal. The fourth d imension on universalism will discuss situations where organisation enters a new business areas, they will go in with a new cultural background, it is very important that as they do this, they are able to know them population of this country. This is because, by knowing the people orientation, it will enable the management to prevent issues like acting on everything in a collective population or rewarding one person in the same community, all of the two areas will have a negative result. The fourth dimension in relationship to the inner and outer environment Different countries have different internal or external locus of control, this is mainly to do with their cultural strands. On the fifth dimension, neutral vs affective relationships, Different countries exercise either the neutral or affective relationships. According to gulf news (Shehhi, 2011), the specific vs diffuse relationship will look at the difference between the two areas is in specific cultures and the boss, this dra stically affect work ethics and the way people communicate business in the different industries. One boss will treat his subordinates with a particular management style, however when they meet the boss outside working hours, he will tend to act differently and may not really show higher level over the person in the workplace. Application With regard to the above articles such actions will not be considered as being a danger to the nature. In addition, if is a culture that is inner directed also believes that people are closely related to nature. However this fact does not meant that they are more responsible to this nature, but it is due to the fact that they believe nature is the reason for their actions. This also means that such actions will not be considered as being a danger to the organisation. It is also very important for recognize they kind of materials that are used when creating managerial products. This can be done when discussing the cultural background of organisations since it says a lot about the company. For Swedish based company like IKEA, it is important to understand the UAE customers and find out whether they prefer natural elements for their furniture or they would rather have it built with other materials. By knowing this, the company will be able to fit well in the new cultural environment and sell their products more effectively. In the second dimension, For example, when a country like Dubai was being developed, people preferred keeping the Islamic culture and were more interested on ways that they will be able to pass this culture to the coming generations. With regard to the third dimension, an Arabic culture will find the Islamic culture more universal when practiced in their country, however, for an organisation moving to invest in the Arabic country, they will try to introduce the universal culture of their organisation in the host country. It is important thus for managers assigned in the new areas to consider ways that they can adjust to the people who have a particular or universal culture. With regard to the fourth dimension, for a country like the UAE as general, the population is supposed to be more collective oriented due to its Islamic background. It is also important to note that there are times in the UAE where organisations can people in different countries with different backgrounds of culture. With regard to the fifth dimension. For example, in Islamic countries, Allah is the one who decides on their fate in business. At this when thing happen positively it is due to the good deed of the individual however of one does awfully bad, it is considered to be a punishment from Allah. However, it western countries, this can be considered as an external force; this is because for an individual with an internal locus of control cannot believe that it is Gods punishment but that there could have been something he did wrong (Enterprise, 2001). Even with this mix of cultures, people everywhere believe that fate lies in their own efforts. According to gulf magazine, (Shehhi, 2011) the Islamic culture is very emotional and is usually expressed as compared to other western cultures. When one looks at the European culture for example, they are usually emotional at a very high degree. However this does not usually mean that they emotions they express will be in the same way. Even when particular culture are stated as being emotional, when going northwards or southwards, there is a different way that organisation express their emotions. With regard to this fact, when looking at the emotional culture for example, it may not show everything as there are feelings that people hide, however, at the same time they can be open minded and friendly. In addition, it is in a diffuse culture that the boss may stay the boss regardless of where his subordinates happen to meet him or her. It is however important to note that from the difference coming from all these cultures, in a different country it could be met with people from diffuse and specific cultures at the same time. It is therefore important to note that the American, European or Chinese managers for example, will have to specify with the kind of people they expect to deal with in their business environment and be wary of it. Also according to Hofstede theories on cultural change, issues such as power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism and collectivism, masculinity and feminity will affect the cultural practice of the business. Evaluation While looking at the article from gulf news (Shehhi, 2011), it is realized that there are a lot of challenges in organisations when entering new markets. For example, the issues of power distance as expressed by Hofstede, will express the type of inequality that is found in making up and management of organisations. It calls for people from foreign organisations to be agree and considered ways that power can be equally shared in the organisation. According to Hofstede, power distance is meant to show the evidence of inequality, it however looks at this from the bottom and not from the top. It will also describe ways that inequality in the society is going to be transferred by managers as well as the workers. This dimension of culture enlightens all members of the society as being unequal, however, others are more equal than the rest. Under situations of high power distances, managers are put at the top level in the organisation. The issues raised on (Enterprise, 2001) shows that employees tend to abide with the policies, rules, and corporate laws especially in situations that they try to avoid uncertainty. This will look at issue such as the future methods of managements as a way of encouraging or enhancing the society. This dimension is also important in telling people that there is mutual approval of authority or regulation by accepting the risks so as to make the most important decisions in the organisation. Employees and members in the organisation with a low uncertainty avoidance will also experience fearless feeling with regard to the future. In an environment that has high uncertainty avoidance, managers will come up with a high planning as a way of forming protective barriers and reduce the risk that is related to the events of the future (court, 2013). For example, a country like Singapore and Jamaica, there is a low case of uncertainty avoidance as compared to a country like Guatemala and Japan tha t has high uncertainly avoidance. Also court, (2013) discusses individualsim in way that people would prefer to work in one cultural region as compared to another. At this, ambitions and abilities of the person are the ones that determine how well they will be in line with other employees. This means that individuals will rather go with their own opinions and regards. Individuals with this kind of trait are a bit opposite as compared to the individualistic culture. For countries like the United Kingdom or the United states, there are many case of individualism ratings. This will be different for countries like India, Brazil or Islamic countries where there is low individualism ratings. For example, employees who are above eighteen years are regard as mature people and care able to make independent decisions in some countries, however, this will be different for other countries where it is believed that they will still need some supervision in organisation management. Team work thus becomes essential to cultural manag ement of this group. According to gulf news (Shehhi, 2011), it was also openly expressed that the issue of Masculinity is a great determinant to employment differences. It also looks at issues that employees values like wealth, self-achievements, honesty, trust, dignity and maintaining a pleasant environment of the society will affect the organisation culture. People always have different views on this dimension with regard to the sexes in the society. The culture thus specifies that there are different roles for both the woman and the man in regard to bigger as being essential. The feminine culture for example, will look at the simple and short as wonderful and views the nature of relations and life as being more vital that material things. For countries like Korea, Japan and United States, it will show high masculinity rate as compared to counties like Belgium and Denmark. This is why one will find muscle jobs allocated for men and simple office secretarial jobs allocated for women. How Organisations can Benefit from Understanding Cultural Issues While cultural dimension shape up organisations, being able to understand their issues will help in the making of the organisation structures and choosing strategic directions for the organisation. Cultural dimension thus are important as they clarifies that individuals in organisation should have a flexible and futuristic approach to employees. They should not usually rely on the ordinary ways of doing thingsy. It also proves that dealing with the moral righteous irrespective truth is more important that the past. The effect of high organisation performance rating in the long term cultural dimension is the main area, and will discuss relationship with regard to this order. On the other hand, it calls for recurrent training to build employee firmness and stability. Some of the Asian countries for example, are said to have a high rating with regard to long term orientation list. However, for most European countries, they seem to be under the short term orientation index. Values that a re concerned with the long term orientation will also be reluctant as compared to those in the short term orientation with belief of saving self-image in the society. Challenges in Managing Cultural Dimensions According to Bing (2003), organisation cultural management is said to qualify to be a science as it involves the process of making individuals to be more effective. This posse a challenge for many organisations as it requires application of difference scientific principles At this, the practice of management can on be around organisation, directing and monitoring. The value of any manager in any business thus is screened through the increase in output from the time they were employed. The value will be seen from the increase of production and performance the organisation exhibit due to a certain change of management or culture in this sense. At this, the people who will be involved have the challenge of accomplishing the desired product in the organisation. Here all the stakeholders are also consulted to ensure everything runs according to the way it is expected to run. Also People who will be involved in doing the job must be prepared to make sure that they can perform all their duties and responsibilities. At this time, a manager is bound to face some challenges, this is because, and unlike in the management of machine, managing people will require the implementation of various expertise. This is because human beings are social beings and have different and unique orientation to life and different cultural background. It is also inevitable for the management in the organisation to ensure that three dimensions of man management organisation structure is enhanced for their importance in the management of organisation culture. These will include the overall relationship among employees and their relationship with the organisation, the vertical or horizontal authority system which defines the subordinates and the main supervisors and lastly, the general outlook of the organisation staff with regard to the organisations destiny, purposes and goals in addition to their places in the workplace. It is important that the management needs to have a deal with the organisations cross cultural issues with regard to the fact that people in their workplaces do come from different cultural upbringing. Cross cultural dimensions thus looks at the various forms of interaction that is present among people who come from different cultural groups. It is the main discourse that is closely concerned with interactivity of culture. For example, with the increase of immigrants of employees will call for a cross cultural approach to the organisations management. There is also a basic need for organisations to exercise social cohesion in their workplace as international and national cultural diversities are respected in the organisation (Bing, 2003). The companys management needs to also provide employees with a multicultural environment that all the employees will be presented with an equal opportunity to be able to related and work effectively within cultural diversity without having to be sub ject to other dominant cultures. Conclusion In conclusion thus, with regard to the above cultural dimensions of Hofstede. It can be concluded that his dimension on individualism and collectivism can be associated with cultural dimensions of universalism and particularism. This is because the dimension discusses ways that organisations are able to relate to the new cultural environment. For a company like IKEA, universalism will relate to the way employees in a new cultural environment will work together to meet organisation objectives. Individualism will also define the way that employee work to increase productivity in the organisation. For example, people may prefer to go with the taking care of people in their individual group under one team. Organisation should ensure that people behave in a manner that they will be able to meet organisation objectives and also serve the needs of the society. References Bing, J. W. (2003). Hofstede's consequences: The impact of his work on consulting and business practices . Retrieved November 11, 2016, from https://www.itapintl.com/about-us/articles/hofstedes-consequences court, R. (2013). Tackling workplace cultural issues. Retrieved November 11, 2016, from https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3objectid=10881394 Enterprise, B. (2001). Managing a Multicultural Workforce. Retrieved November 14, 2016, from https://black-enterprise.vlex.com/vid/managing-multicultural-workforce-52853963 Green, K., Lpez, M., Wysocki, A., Kepner, K., Farnsworth, D., Clark, J. (2002). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required Managerial Tools. Retrieved November 14, 2016, from https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hr022 Shehhi, J. A. (2011). UAE's identity crisis is a growing concern. Retrieved November 11, 2016, from https://gulfnews.com/opinion/thinkers/uae-s-identity-crisis-is-a-growing-concern-1.806970

Shrek Film Review Essay Example

Shrek Film Review Paper Hilarious, irreverent digitally-animated fable from the makers of Antz. A Scottish ogre, a talking donkey, a midget tyrant, a princess with a secret and a whole raft of fairy-tale characters poke fun at uptightness and dole out liberalism. Shrek!! The highly indulgent topic of cinematic conversation ever since its release during late 2001. Well, impressed by its popularity I decided to take a look!! In due course, I was not disappointed!! Based in modest moderation on William Steigs book about a giant green ogre, this irreverent and absorbing computer-animated fairy tale is aimed as much at children as their parents. From the start, tradition is acknowledged as well as mocked. The execution of both is masterly. Opening with a Once upon a time story narrated over the turning leaves of an illustrated book, the pages are abruptly torn away to be used as toilet paper by the mischievous Shrek. We will write a custom essay sample on Shrek Film Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shrek Film Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shrek Film Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The tone for a highly entertaining adventure has been set for the audience. The flatulent ogre then bathes in a nearby mud pool where he delights in blowing fart bubbles to the surface. So, far tradition is being turned on its head! Shrek is the Yiddish word for fear. I dont know what the Yiddish word for lovable is, but that would have been more appropriate! Shrek tries his best, but hes more cuddly than scary. This can be clearly seen in parts of the movie, which leads to the audience seeing new/interesting sides. Mike Myers Scottish brogue makes Shrek more endearing and adds another dimension to the movie. Mike Myers in a more familiar role of Austin Powers. The giant green ogre certainly doesnt intimidate the irrepressible and wise cracking Donkey (a character that accurately incorporates verbal diarrhoea, brought to life by an inspired Eddie Murphy, who imposes himself as the reluctant Shreks sidekick after fleeing from the evil ruler Lord Farquaad. The diminutive and dastardly Farquaad, voiced malignantly and masterly by John Lithgow, who has banished all the fairy tale characters from his kingdom of Duloc, including the Three Blind Mice, Pinocchio and Donkey. Whereupon they seek refuge at the home of the reclusive and sceptical Shrek, this despite the prominent Beware of the Ogre sign. Anxious to be rid of the intruders, Shrek pleads to Farquaad for their removal. The Lord agrees to his request, but this is a fairy tale and so naturally theres one condition. And again, because its a fairy tale, you have to have a princess in there somewhere. But this is no ordinary fairy tale and so when Farquaad has to find a wife to make his kingdom perfect; he picks Princess Fiona (the voice of Cameron Diaz) over two other contestants in a dating game and then gets Shrek to bring her back. The Dreamworks team behind Shrek take obvious delight in mocking their Disney rivals with Farquaads perfect kingdom bearing more than a passing resemblance to a certain other magic kingdom. Shrek enjoys feisty and addictive humour found in other recent animated films like Aladdin. The magic and charm of this genre is being able to plunder inspiration from everywhere and anywhere, enabling such moments as an aerial fighting sequence from The Matrix. Its while indulging itself with such gags that Shrek is at its best, as when the ogre inflates a hapless frog into a balloon as a gift for Princess Fiona, who in return snatches an unsuspecting snake from a tree, blows it up and twists it balloon-style into a dog. The styles of a princess and an ogre, at this point are equally amusing. Another example of a fairy tale with a slant. An encounter with Robin Hood and his merry men also gives an original slant when they break into a Riverdance routine. Comedy, it seems can only be restrained by rules. This production is clearly as amusing for the animators as the results are for the audience. Shreks frivolity extends to its soundtrack which is a refreshing change from the generic tunes that burden most animated films. Its collection of pop songs includes tracks by Smash Mouth, The Proclaimers, Maroon 5 and climaxes with Donkey leading a chorus of characters in a rendition of Im A Believer. As with all good fairy tales Shrek is built solidly around a moral, the message being to focus not on appearances but inner beauty, but that is secondary to the films main concern which is to make you laugh, and you do. Loudly and often, believe me!

The End

The End In the world of film, it is important for a director to establish his/her own style. Peter Jackson has a style unmatchable by many other directors and this style shines through in his movie, Heavenly Creatures. In this film, Jackson uses one scene as a means of symbolic narration to successfully portray subconciously to audience members, the final outcome of the movie.The particular sequence chosen by Jackson foreshadows the outcome of the rest of the movie through the use of character styles, sound and setting as a means of symbolism.From the start, there is a physically noticeable difference between the two girls. They fit the classic roles of masculine and feminine, simply by their names (Paul and Juliet), alone. Paul is presented as dark and mysterious, whereas Juliet is seen as lively and bright. This sequence focuses on establishing these male and female roles to the extreme.Romanoff and Juliet (film)

Free Essays on Warhol

Warhol The life and work of Andy Warhol has inspired many writers to tell of the artist fs secrets in published writings. However, Carter Ratcliff accomplishes this feat in a unique fashion, profiling Warhol fs work in Andy Warhol. A must-read for anybody interested in the origins of American Pop art, Ratcliff fs Andy Warhol touches on all aspects of Warhol fs work. Segmented chronologically, Ratcliff explains the influence and significance of select paintings, as well as sections devoted to Warhol fs sketches, photographs, movies and notes on the techniques used by the artist. This format, combined with the inclusion of nearly 100 prints of paintings, is effective because a natural theme flows through the chronological ordering of the monograph. Some of the influences are obvious in Warhol fs work. However, the cumulative effect of the artist fs attempts is more easily understood through the chronological ordering of the pieces. The chronological ordering helps the reader understand what social or personal beliefs or conflicts the artist was dealing with pertaining to the given time period. For example, Warhol produced many pieces with singular subject matter displayed multiple times as in his Campbell fs soup cans, Coca-Cola bottles and dollar signs, possibly just comforting symbols to Warhol as well as the American Pop Culture. Also, Ratcliff leads the reader on a journey through the details, effects and consequences of the work. The author also describes similarities in select Warhol pieces. The development of Warhol as an artist is easily understood using this format, as his work transforms from the playful character of  gSaturday fs Popeye h to the realism of  gSkull h or the political power of the  gHammer and Sickle h series. The book takes a convincing and comprehensive look at the pursuits of the artist, basing observations on a plethora of sources. The information cited in each section is a accumulation o... Free Essays on Warhol Free Essays on Warhol Warhol The life and work of Andy Warhol has inspired many writers to tell of the artist fs secrets in published writings. However, Carter Ratcliff accomplishes this feat in a unique fashion, profiling Warhol fs work in Andy Warhol. A must-read for anybody interested in the origins of American Pop art, Ratcliff fs Andy Warhol touches on all aspects of Warhol fs work. Segmented chronologically, Ratcliff explains the influence and significance of select paintings, as well as sections devoted to Warhol fs sketches, photographs, movies and notes on the techniques used by the artist. This format, combined with the inclusion of nearly 100 prints of paintings, is effective because a natural theme flows through the chronological ordering of the monograph. Some of the influences are obvious in Warhol fs work. However, the cumulative effect of the artist fs attempts is more easily understood through the chronological ordering of the pieces. The chronological ordering helps the reader understand what social or personal beliefs or conflicts the artist was dealing with pertaining to the given time period. For example, Warhol produced many pieces with singular subject matter displayed multiple times as in his Campbell fs soup cans, Coca-Cola bottles and dollar signs, possibly just comforting symbols to Warhol as well as the American Pop Culture. Also, Ratcliff leads the reader on a journey through the details, effects and consequences of the work. The author also describes similarities in select Warhol pieces. The development of Warhol as an artist is easily understood using this format, as his work transforms from the playful character of  gSaturday fs Popeye h to the realism of  gSkull h or the political power of the  gHammer and Sickle h series. The book takes a convincing and comprehensive look at the pursuits of the artist, basing observations on a plethora of sources. The information cited in each section is a accumulation o...

Risk Management Overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risk Management Overview - Essay Example A business may not be able to run without all these basic activities and it is also likely to collapse. Business risks are usually categorized into two groups; systematic and unsystematic business risks. Systematic risk is where the economy generally experiences a downfall due to natural calamities floods and drought, political instability, recessions, inflation or even fluctuation in currencies. Any business operating under the same economy is bound to fail or make more losses than profits (Akhter, 2010). Unsystematic risk is where a specific section of the economy or industry fails unlike systematic where it’s the overall market (Sensarma and Jayadev, 2009). The common way of counter attacking this is to employ diversification. Business risks are further categorized into strategic, compliance, financial and operational. Strategic is where there is new competition in the market, compliance is where a certain business is responding to new terms and regulations that have been n ewly put in place to run businesses. Additionally financial business risk is where for instance several customers are unable to pay back to the business and operational business risk is when for example there is burglary to the business (Akhter, 2010). The banking as an industry has risks associated with it. One of them is aggressive and almost philanthropic lending of loans to clients and selling the loans to other financial institutions and hoping to run entirely on the interest generated from it, usually with an aim of maximizing profit (Akhter, 2010). This becomes a risk when the economy collapses, experiences inflation or recession because with that, comes an automatic delay in loan servicing and sometimes the money given out looses its value with time because of currency fluctuation. Most banks are involved in lending. This involves a bank client giving a security pledge to a bank that they are able to pay back or service their loans fully. It is usually called collateral. It can be land, car or a house (Sensarma and Jayadev, 2009). In order to maximize their profit and returns, banks have increased their interest rates. This poses such a risk to the banking system because with increased interest rates comes with an exponential reduction in lending activities. This is because not so many clients are wiling or able to pay for a higher than normal interest rates, so they don’t take loans all the same. This creates a financial confusion which the bank has to solve lest it collapses completely (Devine, 2006). To solve this, banks have to lower their lending standards and attracting more clients by using new in the market methods. Liquidity risk is a type of risk that results from the unavailability of a proper market for an investment that cannot be sold fast enough in order to counter attack a foreseen loss (Akhter, 2010). Banks have severally taken houses or antiques as collateral from clients. When the clients are not able to service these loans on time the banks decide to sell these collateral. Antique is one of the hardest items to sell in the markets because not so many people know their value and there is never ready market for them (Breeden and Whisker, 2010). Many banks suffer loss before recovery before selling such products and may never sell it completely leading a major loss. Liquidity risk therefore leads to a situation where the banking institution is unable to meet it objectives or profit

Critical summery reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical summery reading - Essay Example h the article, it can be found that subject matter is detailed in a complex manner, where normal readers can get discomfort in extracting the information supplied by the writer. But for a reader who has knowledge in the history of Middle east can find this article highly professional and informative. Here, the paper focuses on critically reviewing the chapter â€Å"The Modern Middle East: State Formation and World War† of the book â€Å"The Middle East in International Relations† by Fred Halliday. Here, the introductory part of the chapter is highly dramatic, where the author states about the pathetic condition of Iraqis in coping up with the Industrial revolution emerged in Europe .The chapter in different paragraphs praises about the culture of Middle east and African region and criticizes Europe for being manipulative and exploiting. (Halliday 90)â€Å"In North Africa, European colonization involving large-scale settlement and agrarian change generated major armed resistance in Algeria and Libya, and powerful mass nationalisms in Morocco and Tunisia†. Moreover, this chapter is greatly informative with detailing of historical facts about various states and nation which can instantly attract the attention of the

Produce a fully functional Essay Example for Free

Produce a fully functional Essay The company sells to small corner shops in the east midlands. All the sales to shops are currently recorded on an order form that will be processed in the companys main office. They use calculators to find out the total cost. They have a total of four company reps that they use to deliver orders and take new orders if required. Each of the rep carries a number of documents including order forms and a catalogue including a price list. The current system used to take orders can no longer handle the increasing quantity of trade and a new system is required. The company decided to solve this problem by giving each rep a laptop computer. A package will be installed into the laptops to process the data. The company will require the following features in the package:   An automated order form to replace the current one. A database containing each item of stock.   A facility to update the sales sheet.   A summary sheet to raise the stock order from the warehouse so they can be delivered on the next round.   A total sales sheet so it is possible to view any commission earned by the rep. A home page that can be used to navigate to the other pages.   An option to print so there is hard evidence of the documents. CURRENT METHODS USED   All of the sales to the shops are manually recorded on an order form that is processed in the main office.   The reps use calculators to calculate the costs.   The reps carry catalogues containing all the products available along with price lists.   The order forms are separate sheets.   The reps visit the shops about once a week and they make new orders if necessary   The reps receive 2% commission for any order over   1000. WORKING SPECIFICATION Front Page This sheet will link up with the rest of the sheets in the spreadsheet so users can search it easily. Order form. This sheet will be used when customers want to order products from the company. Information to go into the order form will include:   Date of order   Time of order   Sales persons name   Customer name and Address   Customer contact numbers   Name of product   Description   Price   Stock number   Quantity   Total cost Print out form This sheet will be identical to the order form and will show what the customers have ordered. There will be a print option so the customers have a receipt for what they have bought. Stock and price list This sheet will show all the products available from the company along with a price list. Address Sheet. This will include contact details for all the customers. DATA CAPTURE METHODS There are many of methods used to input data into a cell. Some are listed below.   Manually keying in information.   Selecting data from drop down lists   Macro programming   Hot keys Below I have drawn a table to show how the information will be captured. Typing into cells Selecting data from a list Automatic Hot keys Customer name Rep name Date Print Address Stock description Time Saving work done Contact numbers Stock model no. Total cost Quantity Total quote cost Below is a table to show what processing needs to be done to achieve the required output. Stock Code Lookup information within a database. Display stock in a cell. Rep Name Process index number from the rep table. Display the data in a cell. Customer Information Lookup information within the database. Display stock in a cell. Time and Date Process the system date and time. Display time and date in the cell chosen. Commission Finds out a total if over i 1000, and works out 2% of it. Displays commission total in a cell chosen. For a spreadsheet database to be successful, it should be as error free as possible. Information should be easily entered. An excel spreadsheet can provide the following functions. Tips and Help, to make it easier to use. Formatting of cells.   Labels and titles.   Highlighting and background colours   Drop down lists Validation and verification DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT By designing the spreadsheet first, it will be easy to put it together. I will provide ways of easily entering data into the spreadsheet. These will include   Data entry forms   Form like sheets I am going to enter some tips to help the user use the database. These will include.   Data entry messages   Validation messages Marcos will play a big roll in the design of the spreadsheet. I will use it to make the spreadsheet user-friendlier. It will be used to   Simplify data input.   Produce printed reports I will use more complex spreadsheet facilities to make it even easier to use.   Drop down lists- so data can be selected from a choice and not typed in every time.   Named cells- some of the cells will be named so it will be easy to use when carrying out formulae. Validation- this will restrict what data can be put into certain areas so it is easier for the users.   Lists and tables- these will be used to sort the data so it can be looked up. The Front Page I will place a variety of links and macro buttons on this page so that users can search the spreadsheet easily. The buttons will all be placed on the page. I will include a company to show the user that they are on the right program. I may colour code it to make it user friendly. The order form The order form will contain many formulas. I will use a combo box to create an area where the customer information goes. When the user selects their name in this box, the rest of the information will be shown. I will use V-lookup to do this. V-lookup will also be used to find products that the user wishes to order. When the stock code is typed in, information on that product will be shown. The column headings will be stock code, stock and model number, description, and price. I may colour code the different columns to make it more user friendly. In order to find the total cost for the products the customer wishes to buy, I must multiply the cost of the product by the quantity. Calculation Sheet This sheet is private and can only be viewed by the sales representatives. All calculations the reps need to make will be done on this page. For example they can mark up prices on this page. As this page is private I will insert a lock function with a password so customers cannot enter it. Commission form The function of this page is to calculate the amount of commission. The formula to calculate this will be: . This means that the rep will only get commission is a sale is over i 1000. ORDER FORM DEVELOPMENT This order form includes all the relevant information needed. I have neatly lined up the buttons next to the customer details box. However there are a few problems with it. It looks very bland. None of it is emboldened so important parts dont stand out. There is no title to show what the sheet is for. I will include these improvements in my next design. Certain important words have been emboldened. This makes it much easier to read and looks more professional. I have placed Order Form at the top so the user can see what the page is for. The buttons are in an odd position and should be rearranged to get a better balance. The form should include Online Direct Computers address in case the used needs it. Also an option should be added to show the sales person. Also it currently shows the price without VAT. Another calculation must be added to show the price with VAT added. It is still very dull so some colour needs to be added to make it more attractive and more user friendly. By adding colour and rearranging the buttons has improved the image and it now looks finished. The sales person name can now be added from a drop down list box. I will maintain this image throughout the program. TESTING I carried out a number of tests in order to check that the spreadsheet is running correctly and to check whether it matches up with the specification. There were four tests that I carried out: Continuous Testing   Testing Data   Invalid Data Testing   Specification test Continuous Testing- I will test all the formulas that I have put into the database including all the combo boxes and buttons. Testing Data- I am going to test data in the spreadsheet to see if it all works properly. I will test: Product information   Customer details   Sales representative names Invalid Data Testing-I will deliberately input some invalid data into some of the cells to see whether the error messages, that I created, appear. Specification test- I will compare my original specification to with my finished package. This will tell me whether the package will be able to do the job the user requires.E-Mail [emailprotected] com Invalid Data If I enter a stock code that isnt between 1000 and 1047 an error message will appear because there is no stock out side of this. If letters are typed in by accident an error message with appear. Specification Test Original Specification Comments Target Met Front Page This sheet will link up with the rest of the sheets in the spreadsheet so users can search it easily. I have created a front page that links up all of the pages in the database. Order form This sheet will be used when customers want to order products from the company. Information to go into the order form will include: Date of order   Time of order Sales persons name Customer name and Address   Customer contact numbers   Name of product   Description   Price   Stock number   Quantity   Total cost Date and time of order have been added into order form using the formula =NOW() The sales person names have been inserted into a drop down list that can be selected. There is space in a box at the top of the form for the customer name. This automatically there address and contact numbers. There is a box on the order form for stock codes to be typed in. This automatically brings up details including a total cost. Print out form. This sheet will be identical to the order form and will show what the customers have ordered. There will be a print option so the customers have a receipt for what they have bought. I have included an option on the order form to print so customers will have a receipt of what they have bought. Stock and price list This sheet will show all the products available from the company along with a price list I have produced a list of all the products available from online direct computers Address Sheet This will include contact details for all the customers I have produced a list of all the customers and there contact details. Examples of the sheets.

Female Characters in Bram Stokers Dracula Essay -- Dracula Bram Stoke

Female Characters in Bram Stoker's Dracula Having studied Bram Stoker's Dracula as part of my GCSE English Course, I am going to consider the representation of women in the novel. The three main characters I will study are Mina, Lucy, and the three female vampires (belonging to Dracula). I am going to consider the similarities and differences of each character, and how well they compare to traditional Victorian women. I will support my answers with quotes and evidence. During the early twentieth century, the traditional Victorian ideal would be a lady of leisure. A Victorian woman effectively had only two options: she was either a virgin- a model of purity and innocence, or she was to be a wife and produce an heir. If she was neither these, not only would men not take any interest in her, but also she had no consequence in society. Women had to run the household and obey their husbands, not only them, but to treat all men with respect. Moral behaviour, and a feminine appearance were also aspects of a traditional Victorian ideal. As well as this, Victorian women were expected to be obedient and virtuous. However, in the late 1800?s the Victorian ideal was being challenged, which better became known as the ?New Woman?. These new women were to be considered the feminists of the time, they rejected clothing that restricted their movement, like corsets and petticoats, and others even took to riding bicycles. All of these matters evolved into being a threat for the traditional way of Victorian life. In Bram Stoker?s ?Dracula?, Mina measures up fairly well as a traditional Victorian woman. She has a good extent of tradition, and she matches the acquirements well. Mina is beneath veneer of modernity; ... ...acters fulfil their role well, but sometimes everyone betrays the tradition. Stoker created an image at a first glance that the characters appear to be cast in typical gender roles, the purpose of this being not to upset or threaten the reader?s sense of how things should be. He then creates suspense into the actions of the characters, for example, Mina turning into some one like Lucy; will she be lost? Bram Stoker shows us with Mina, that she was able to achieve her own goals, as well as the typical goals of Victorian women. Mina still carries on with the tradition as well as maternal instincts, and we know this from the important information given to us after the novel; her having a baby. This is therefore showing us that Victorian Women could do more than that was traditionally common or expected, without the rebellious, threatening ?New Woman?.

Molecular Genetics: Catching the Criminal Using Electrophoresis

Introduction A sample of DNA found in a crime scene was provided along with five suspects. Their DNA was then processed using restriction enzymes and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. The objective of this lab was to match a criminals DNA to a crime scene using restriction enzymes EcoRI and Pstl with Agarose gel electrophoresis. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at a specific base pair site recognized by the enzyme, which then turns one single strand of DNA into many fragmented strands of DNA.EcoRI recognizes and cuts the palindromic base pair sequence GATTC while Pstl recognizes and cuts the palindromic base pair sequence CTGCAG. Agarose gel electrophoreses separates these fragmented DNA by their size. The negatively charged DNA moves through the Agarose gel to the positively charged end of the gel. The smaller fragments move through the gel more quickly allowing a linear view of the fragmented DNA when the process is complete. Since each individuals DNA will be cut into different size fragmen ts when restriction enzymes are applied we can match one of the suspects to the crime scene DNA sample.This process enables an individual’s DNA to be matched, much like a fingerprint, to a sample of unknown DNA. Methods An enzyme mix of EcoRl and Pstl was added 10 microliters at a time to the crime scene sample and suspect samples one through five each containing 20 microliters of DNA. A new pipet was used for each transfer of the enzyme mix to ensure that there was no cross contamination of the suspects. To guarantee the enzyme reacts with the DNA the six samples mixed with enzyme were then centrifuged. You can read also King v CogdonThe samples were incubated at 37  ° C for 45 minutes, after incubation 5 microliters of dye were added to each sample. During this time an Agarose gel was cast using an 8 well comb. The Agarose gel was placed in the electrophoresis chamber with the wells at the cathode end and 275mL of electrophoresis buffer was added. In the first well 10 microliters of Hindlll DNA marker was added. This marker was provided dyed. In the following wells 20 microliters of each sample was added, Table 1 provides the lane information. The volts were set at 120 Volts and the sample was electrophoresed for 30 minutes.After the gel was electrophoresed it was transferred into a container and dyed with Fast Blast DNA stain so the DNA fragments could become visible to the eye. Results Figure 1 below shows the samples once they have been dyed. To the naked eye it would appear that the closest match to Lane 2 (the crime scene) would be Lane 4 (Suspect 2) but to verify this concl usion you need to calculate the size of the bands. To compare the samples the size of each marker band was measured from the well to the band in mm and graphed with the given size of each band as shown in Graph 1.In the first column of Table 2, Hindll size in base pairs was provided, to find the approximate size of the other samples the distance of each band was plugged in as an x-value to the y=-142x+13214 equation found using excel on the best fit line on Graph 1. Comparing the crime scene column to suspects one through five it was found that Suspect 3 was the criminal. His DNA fragments were of similar size and travelled a similar distance through the electrophoresis gel. Discussion- There is a pretty serious error with the calculations of size in base pairs as presented in Table 2.Some of the base pair lengths were found to be negative numbers which does not properly correlate to the proposed size of the bands. This error was most likely to have happened in the graphing of the m arker. In the results it was discussed that Suspect 3 is most likely to be the criminal but this result was found by disregarding the negative values. If the error was corrected and the correct size measurements were found the suspect found to be the criminal may have been different.Since the values for size had an error in them the criminal could not be positively identified. Conclusion- In this lab it was clear that pairing restriction enzymes with gel electrophoresis makes it possible to match a DNA sample to an individual. Applying the restriction enzyme cuts each DNA sequence into a unique size and amounts of fragments for each sample. This unique combination of sequences is what makes it possible to run the fragments through an electrophoresis gel that separates the fragments into a unique â€Å"fingerprint. Although a suspect was not properly identified to the crime scene sample, it is clear how it would be possible to identify a criminal. Table 1- This table lists each lane of the electrophoresis well and what sample was pipeted into it and how much of each sample in microliters. Lane one starts on the left hand of the well. Graph 1- The graph provides a scatter plot of the marker in lane 1, in a log scale, linear fit with a best fit line through it. The equation for slope found was y=-142x+13214.

Individualism as an American Cultural Value Essay

American culture is often associated with some images related to general stereotypes such as assertiveness, optimism, boldness, a sense of enterprise, and a solid handshake. However, these characteristics are only general observations about the American society. Given this, the mentioned characteristics may be present to only some Americans and cannot be attributed to everyone. But there is one value that nearly every American possesses and that is individualism. In defining the American culture, individualism is the immediate concept that comes to mind. Because of this, â€Å"outsiders† like immigrants, foreigners or people from different backgrounds will have a difficult time to become accustomed with this kind of culture. In fact, in the early period, outsiders found it hard to adapt to the American value of individualism because of the differences in cultural values. The idea of a family often poses as the source for confusion or misunderstanding between cultures. In the US, bringing happiness to every family member is the main purpose of having a family. This can be carried out by giving each family member the right to express themselves and pursue their dreams and passions in life. However for other cultures, the emphasis on the achievement of an individual’s happiness without the help of the others may be perceived as rude or inappropriate. It could be a sign of disrespect or lack of love. But for many Americans, it is simply just an act of encouragement for a person to reach his or her utmost potential. For instance, a typical American would usually start to live independently after highs cool by going to college and living in campus dormitories. Also, Sponsol had a similar experience when he attended a summer camp for the East-West Center participants. One of the supervisors brought his wife and kids. The ten month old son of the supervisor acquired the most attention because of his cuteness so everyone wanted to play. During this interaction, the kid fell down and everyone tried to help him get up. But the parents became and asked the students to leave the kid alone who eventually got up on his own and stopped crying ( Sponsol 423). Moreover, privacy is definitely another aspect that an â€Å"outsider† would find unusual in the American culture. Majority of the American population value their privacy. It has been observed that most Americans just say hello and seldom pursue a conversation with other people. For â€Å"outsiders,† this can be a sign of being impolite particularly for those who grew in a setting wherein asking private questions are accepted. Because of this, many find it hard to be friends with Americans. Sponsol explained that in the book, Americans do not like to be asked in with private questions or pried on their personal affairs. For instance, asking questions like, How long have you been divorced? Or Are you going to marry a Thai again or American? Or How much do you earn? or How long have you been married? , can be recognized as an invasion of one’s privacy (421). A lot of people could experience having cultural shock when they visit the US for the very first time. As a result, it would be difficult for them to get used to the American culture. There are many reasons why this happens but cultural background plays a major role in drawing the line between the Americans and â€Å"outsiders. † Some may have a privileged life in their home lands but when they migrated to the US, they had to work in order to sustain their daily living. Furthermore, in the US culture, an individual has to be independent and hardworking to earn money in order to pay for the bills and other necessities such as food, home and education. In other cultures, some individuals do not have to work in order to survive because their parents are the ones taking care of their finances. It is very hard for an â€Å"outsider† to adapt and imbibe the American Culture. In the experience of Hanan Al-Shaykh, a Lebanese, she was filled with shock when she visited her sister in the US. Their family was accustomed to the good life in Lebanon but in the US, her sister lived a minimum wage earned. She felt pitiful for the living condition of her sister in the Land of Milk and Honey. Her sister even found it hard to get a job in the US even though she has a good educational background (Hanan 287). As a foreigner, I also experienced some difficult times in getting immersed and accustomed with American society and culture. In Saudi Arabia, my life was easier. In my native land, dependence to others is a common practice. For instance, my family employed helpers to take care of all our needs at home. Their duties mainly evolved on domestic chores such as cleaning clothes, cooking food and many others. Because of this, easy and carefree lifestyle, I had trouble adapting to the American culture when I moved there. I had to learn to look after myself wherein all the duties of our helpers back home, I had to them on my own in the US. Finally, because of the cultural values of the Americans, an â€Å"outsider† will find it hard or at least will need a longer time to adapt to theses values. Besides the assertiveness, optimism, boldness, a sense of enterprise, and a solid handshake, individualism will always be a crucial value of the Americans that will aid in developing and achieving their dreams and passion.

Crime misc0 essays

Crime misc0 essays From the beginning of time, crime has been evident in human existence, and from the first crime there has always been a punishment. And it came to pass, when they were in a field, that Cain rose up against his brother, Able, and slew him (Genesis 4:8). This for many people was seen as the first crime. This crime did not go unpunished. Cain was then ostracized from his colony and sent to wonder as a vagabond and a fugitive for his crime (Genesis 4:14). He was also branded with the mark of a murderer. Therefore, the presence of crime in human life is inevitable. Defined in Websters Dictionary, crime is, an act of violation against society and its laws. Punishment is the consequence of the crime. Crimes like fraud, burglary, assault, etc., are usually punished by prison terms. Murder, manslaughter, and homicide maybe punished by prison terms or death. Electrocution-the three legged oak chair was constructed in 1923 by inmates and is still used today. (ironic isnt it?) The electrocution cycle is two minutes or shorter in duration. Voltage and amperage levels peak on three occasions. Maximum current is 2000 volts and 14 amps. The executioner is an anonymous, private citizen who is paid $150 per execution. The position of executioner was advertised in several Florida newspapers in 1978. Lethal Injection-execution by lethal injection involves the continuous intravenous injection of a lethal quantity of a short-acting barbiturate in combination with a chemical paralytic agent. A number of doctors have pointed out that drugs may not work effectively on diabetics or former drug users, whose veins may be hard to reach. In some cases minor surgery may be required to cut in to a deeper vein, according to medical testimony. More states use this form of execution than all US states. Gas Chamber-prisoner is restrained in a hermetically sealed steel chamber below which is a pan. Upon a signal, the...

What to Know Before Buying a Pet Tarantula

What to Know Before Buying a Pet Tarantula A tarantula can make a great pet, but its not right for everyone. Dont make an impulsive purchase at a pet store unless you understand your responsibilities as a tarantula owner. A spider is an animal, not a toy. Before making a commitment, make sure to ask yourself a few important questions. Are You Willing to Commit to a Long-Term Relationship With Your Pet Tarantula? Tarantulas are known for their long lifespans. A healthy female tarantula can live well over 20 years in captivity. During that time, it will need regular food and water, an environment with appropriate heat and humidity, and an occasional cleaning of its terrarium. Should you tire of caring for your pet tarantula, you cant just take it outside and let it go. Be sure youre committed to keeping the tarantula for the long haul. Do You Want a Pet You Can Touch and Cuddle? If so, you might do better with a hamster or a gerbil. Though common pet tarantula species are docile, they can easily spook if you are trying to handle them and squirm out of your hand. Falls are nearly always fatal for tarantulas, as their abdomens rupture easily. In addition, tarantulas can and will bite you if they feel threatened. Even worse, theyve got a nasty habit of flicking urticating hairs at the faces of potential predators, which could include you and your loved ones. Do You Want an Active Pet That Does Cool Tricks and Can Be Let Loose in Your Home? When theyre not capturing and eating live prey, tarantulas spend a great deal of time doing absolutely nothing. They are masters of repose. Though it may appear sluggish in its terrarium, once your pet tarantula escapes, it can run with lightning quickness to find a hiding place. Tarantula owners even recommend cleaning the tarantulas habitat within the confines of a bathtub so the resident spider cant make a speedy retreat to some dark corner of the house. Do You Enjoy Feeding Live Prey to Your Pets? Tarantulas eat live prey, which you will need to provide. For some pet owners, this might not be a concern, but for others, its not a pleasant thought. For smaller tarantulas, a diet of crickets, grasshoppers, and roaches might suffice. For larger spiders, you might need to feed an occasional pinky mouse or even a gray mouse. Youll need a reliable supplier of crickets or other live prey in your area to make feeding easier. Its not a good idea to feed wild caught crickets, as these can be infected with pathogens that may harm your pet tarantula. Do You Have a Responsible, Ethical Source From Which to Purchase Your Pet Tarantula? When pet tarantulas first became popular with spider enthusiasts, most of the tarantulas on the market came from the wild. As with any exotic animal in demand, over-collecting can soon put a species at risk in its native habitat. Such was the case with a few popular pet tarantula species, including the Mexican redknee tarantula, a vibrant species featured in several horror movies. A few tarantula species are now protected under the Washington Convention agreement, which limits or prohibits the commercial trade of listed species and their export from their native range. You can still obtain these protected species, but you must purchase a tarantula bred in captivity from a reputable source. Dont put the beautiful spiders at risk; do the right thing.

Marketing in Outer Space Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing in Outer Space - Essay Example These foods have many preservatives that reduce their nutritional value. This bed and breakfast will offer them fresh preservative-free-foods. The bed and breakfast hotel will be cheap and affordable for the clients. The food and other supplies used in the hotel will be transported daily from earth by the aircrafts that visit the place. The bed and breakfast hotel will create more job opportunities for people on earth and a different environment. This business will also attract more people to travel to outer space as they have a guarantee of fun and a place to rest well while visiting the moon. The profits that will be generated from the bed and breakfast hotel will be used for expansion. My goal is to ensure that the clients receive that best services as they could receive back home. The place will ensure that guests are pampered and heal from the cramps they got while travelling. The new facilities will include rental houses for people who will be willing to work on the bed and bre akfast hotel. They will be able to live with their families, which will make them work better because of emotional support. Their families will also start up other goods and services. This will make the clients that visit the area enjoy their stay and have access to quality services. I will expose the bed and breakfast business to all people because it is a new idea. This will influence them to make the tour to the moon. I will expose myself though the internet and through local broadcasting channels giving them a glimpse of what they should expect. I will also use pictures and videos taken from the bed and breakfast hotel so that they can see the environment of the hotel. The company will have the name experience the slumber to enhance the idea that sleeping on the moon while looking at the stars and the vast sky is a new experience. I will invest in other key things like rental houses. This will offer shelter for my employees so that they do not have to travel to earth frequently. I will look at other partners like the bankers and partners from service providing companies. This is because it will give them the opportunity to realize the business opportunities at the moon and open up banks and other service providing companies. This will lead to more clients coming to the moon as they will realize how they will still get the services that are offered on earth. Market Analysis The bed and breakfast hotel on the moon will be a luxurious place filled with many windows and open spaces. This will ensure that guests can experience and appreciate the new environment. The environment of the bed and breakfast will be different from that experienced at home. This will give the clients a new experience on the moon. The glass walls on different places on the hotel will make an excellent place for those who want to unwind while listening to music or reading a novel. The high security because of the low population on the moon will assure the clients that their property is safe from bandits. The roofs of the rooms that the clients will sleep will be made of bulletproof glass so that they have protection as well as experience the attractiveness of the universe as they slumber. The low cost of the bed and breakfast will ensure that it receives many clients from different areas of the world. The furniture and the paintings on the wall will be from indigenous places on earth. They will mostly express the traditional

Paraphrase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Paraphrase - Essay Example Needless to say, there is a favourable connection between job feat and high levels of acumen. Self-awareness is the most important components of all. Individuals with an internal locus of control can be managed and motivated easily. Managers can employ the use of apprehension of selective perceptual and organizational perceptual to gain insights on why different people perceive things differently. These principles can be enforced in communication and responses to attract attention. Managers can employ catchy stimuli to â€Å"cut through the noise† of the environment. This assists in improving communication between the managers and the employees. The learning techniques of an accommodator are fundamental in improving management decision making. Needless to say b, an accommodator is proficient at enforcing decisions, plans and innovation. Such a learning style is appropriate for a practicing manager like me. In essence, this depends on the condition or the surrounding where a manger is to carry out the learning style. In this case, Daphne portrays high level of extraversion. This si portrayed by rapid open relations with her daughter. She shows moderate levels of meticulousness, openness to experience and kindness. Kindness is portrayed by her good-natured character while her meticulousness is shown by her yearning to help Millie. In addition, her openness to experience is depicted by her need to talk to Jason. In essence, low emotional steadiness in Daphne’s dealings with Millie typifies her behavior. Perceptual selectivity refers to the process by which an individual tests and chooses numerous stimuli which content for their attending. Individuals emphasize on stimuli that fulfills their desires and which are coherent to their values, personality and attitudes. Stimuli attributes affects perceptual selectivity. A catchy stimulus attracts the attention of most people. In addition, people recognize both familiar

Criminal law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Criminal law - Essay Example For an act of complicity to be charged there must be at least one principal in the first degree. This is the party who actually performs the actus reus of the crime. An defendant charged with complicity can be classed as a principal in the second degree, which would be someone who is present during the commission of the crime and aids and abets the commission but does not perform the actus reus. An accessory before the fact would be someone who aids and abets the commission of the crime but is not present when it happens and does not perform the actus reus of the offence. An accessory after the fact is one who assists that perpetrator after the crime has been committed. This could be by hindering the apprehension of the perpetrator. Under modern law second degree principles and accessories before the fact are punished identically whereas accessories after the fact would receive a lesser punishment. The American approach to complicity is to punish the principals and the accomplices in equal measure. This is known as derivative liability whereby the accomplices liability is derivative of the conduct of the principal offender. The mens rea required for a charge of complicity is that the accomplice must intentionally aid or encourage a criminal act and have the same mental state necessary for the crime committed by the defendant. There are some exceptions where the accomplice can be charged with complicity where it is sufficient in law for the accomplice was acting with the knowledge that the defendant might commit a crime. With aiding and abetting a crime the accomplice must have intentionally aided the defendant’s criminal act by intentionally committing the acts that assisted or encouraged the defendant to commit the crime and the accessory intended that his acts would help the defendant to commit the offence1. Where the accomplice knows his conduct will assist or encourage the defendant to commit a crime but does not actually intend

Education Environment Essay Example for Free

Education Environment Essay 1.Access the following policies on the Department of Education Training WA website, http://www.det.wa.edu.au/education/ Staff Conduct: The purpose of this policy is to outline the Department of Education’s expectation requirements for the standard of behaviour of staff at work. It provides instruction direction for the appropriate behaviour in ethical risk situations and areas. It provides information for staff to recognise their rights, where to go for help in resolving breeches or complaints, their legal obligations and expectations within the code of ethics. It also provides a statement of public accountability for staff. Child Protection: The purpose of this policy is to state that all staff employed by the Department of Education is committed to the care, safety and protection of children, including factors such as possible sexual, emotional, physical and/or psychological abuse or neglect of a child. Provides guidelines to aide staff in the correct response to a situation where concern has arisen for the safety well being of a child or the need for the disclosure of abuse and the actions to take where allegations of child abuse have been made against the staff member. Duty of Care for Students: The purpose is to provide information to staff of the duty of care imposed by law, to take care to minimise the risk of harm to students. It provides an explanation to what the duty of care means how staff may act to fulfil their duty of care. It also outlines the situations where non-teaching staff, volunteers or external providers must provide a duty of care. The policy also states the need for staff to have a balance between ensuring safety without interfering with a student’s independence and learning opportunities. Occupational Health Safety: The purpose of this policy is to state the Department of Education is committed to providing and promoting a safe and healthy working environment for staff and students. It provides guidelines to the occupational health safety requirements within the Department of Education. Contains procedures to identify report manage hazards, accident or incident investigation and training. It outlines the responsibilities functions of health safety representatives committees. Please see attached printouts of each policy accessed. 2.Visit the Equal Opportunity Commission WA website http://www.equalopportunity.wa.gov.au/ write a summary of the 1984 Equal Opportunity Act. The Equal Opportunity act was set in 1984 and updated in 2002. The Equal Opportunity act is designed to outline the course of action to eliminate discrimination in the work place, accommodation, education or the provision of goods services or the membership to clubs and to eliminate sexual and/or racial harassment in the workplace, education environments or accommodation. The act promotes the recognition acceptance of equality of persons of all races gender. 3.Source a copy of or your job description. Write a summary paragraph of your role and explain how your role will change as you gain more experience. Level 1 Employees are to work under direct supervision of a teacher performing basic routine tasks. They are to assist in the delivery of planned education programs to small groups or individuals. They are to prepare and maintain the learning environment by maintaining resources , displays, equipment and demonstrations, also to assist the teacher with storage of equipment, resources and displays, as well as the management of resources, including inventory lists and stock levels. Assist the teacher with the care and general wellbeing of students both in and out of the classroom. In the Pre-Primary and Pre-School areas, assist with the preparation and distribution of food at morning tea time. Assist with the arrival and departure of students travelling to and from school on busses. Assists students undressing, bathing, dressing, toileting and, where necessary, cleans soiled clothing and areas. Provide administration support in accordance with the school policy and collect monies from s tudents where appropriate. 4.As an Education Assistant, should you have any queries relating to legislation, policies or role, who would you go to for support? The following people can provide information support in relation to queries regarding legislation, policies or role: Principal, Deputy Principal, Heads of Department, Registrar, Supervising Teacher, Guidance Officers, Teacher Librarian or other Specialist teachers. 5.What is the Industrial Award / Certified Agreement related to Education Assistants / Teachers Assistants? The Teachers Aide’s Award 1979 is a document outlining the the laws in relation to remuneration, working hours leave for a Teachers Aide. The Education Assistants’ (Government) General Agreement 2010 is a document that outlines core employment conditions and wage increases for employees bound by the general agreement. 6.Source and read a copy of the Industrial Award / Certified Agreement. Submit the first page and a summary paragraph of the award / agreement. The parties bound by the General Agreement are the Director General, Department of Education and the Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union, Western Australian Branch. The agreement applies to all employees, who are members or eligible members of the Union. The purpose of the agreement is to provide core employment conditions (general terms of employment, leave of absence, hours of work) and together with the awards (Teachers’ Aides’ Award 1979 for Education Assistants, Miscellaneous Government Conditions and Allowances Award 1992, Western Australian Government/Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union Redeployment, Redundancy and Retraining Certified Agreement 2004) to provide wage increases for all employees bound by the agreement. 7.Give an example of when you have adhered to the legislation or policies of the school An example of where I have adhered to legislation or polices of the school would be in the classroom where a student has been repetitively showing disruptive and bad behaviour. Under the guidance of the teacher I have followed through the School Behaviour Management plan and implemented the required steps with the student. 8.Give an example of when you have reviewed your own performance and compliance with legislation / policies and how you got feedback from others. While completing the practical side of the assessment for this module I have had to review my performance in relation to maintaining my duty or care and child protection. I have then sat with my supervising teacher and discussed my rating and received feedback. 9.Give an example of when you have reported an incident or occurrence in line with school policy. An example of when I have reported an incident or occurrence in line with school policy was during a lunchtime break in the Kindy/ Pre-Primary was a duty of care incident. A leak or spillage had occurred in the toilet area. I reported the occurrence to the supervising teacher. I had identified this occurrence as a hazard as the children had the potential to slip in the â€Å"water† and injure themselves. 10. What changes to your personal details should you report to your Principal or line manager? All changes to personal details must be reported to your Principal or Line Manager. My personal details include (but are not limited to): Name, Address, banking details, Criminal History check, Health details, home address, postal address, next of kin. 11. Consider this scenario: You are an Education Assistant working in a Kindergarten, you and your teacher have been advised that in two weeks time, a new student will join the class. The student has a physical disability and requires personal care support. This will require you as the Education Assistant to undertake some manual handling (lifting, reposition of the student, moving the student from the wheelchair to the toilet etc). You currently have no training in manual handling. Consider you role in terms of Duty of Care and Occupational Health and Safety. What actions would you take? I would discuss with the teacher the needed changes in the room to ensure the student felt comfortable and welcome. I would also speak to the teacher about how I have not undergone any manual handling training and would ask the principal if there were any courses available. I would speak to the principal about the possibility of a meeting involving the student’s parents, the teacher, principal and myself. This meeting would then ensure we have a full understanding of the requirements of the student and any necessary changes we may need to make within the classroom to ensure a smooth integration of the student into our class. 12. Describe the curriculum your school uses. The curriculum my school uses is called Years K – 10 Curriculum. It sets out the knowledge, understandings, skills, values and attitudes that students are expected to acquire during the students education. These requirements are described as a series of learning outcomes. These learning outcomes consist of the mandatory element of curriculum. They also include overarching outcomes and learning area outcomes. As of 2011 the school will be following the national curriculum.

The Role of Panfilo in the Decameron Essay -- Boccaccio Decameron Essa

The Role of Panfilo in the Decameron      Ã‚  Ã‚   Panfilo devotes himself to love. He believes that love conquers all. In this respect, he is the antithesis of Filostrato, who is a man defeated by love. They even have opposite names (panFILO, FILOstrato). Throughout his tales, he pits love versus several formidable adversaries. In his first tale, the love of God overcomes the gullibility of the people of Burgundy. They pray to a man who was quite evil in life, and certainly belonged in Hell, but God answered their prayers anyway because of the purity of their faith. On the fourth day, he is forced by Filostrato to tell a tale in which love does not conquer all, as their outcomes are unhappy. Panfilo cooperates with Filostrato, but in the end love still carries on. The story he tells shows two lovers (Andreuolo and Gabriotto) ripped apart by death. However, after Gabriotto is killed, Andreuolo stays true and faithful to him. Her lover may be dead, but her love for him never subsides and she refuses to marry anyone else. While this story does have an unhappy ending as Filostrato prescribed, Panfilo makes a point to show how love still lives on and is not defeated by death.    Panfilo continues to demonstrate the power of love as he pits it against Fortune in the fifth story. After love has turned Cimon from a bumbling idiot into a fine gentleman, its force is so strong within him that he fights like a lion and captures Iphigenia. Fortune takes over at this point, and with a storm sends him to the island of Rhodes where he is thrown in jail and Iphigenia is sent off to marry another man. At this point, his situation looks hopeless. But, once the Magistrate's love for Cassandra causes him to release Cimon i... ...d that a priest tells them, as the priest in this story denies payment to Belcolore and even takes back the cloak that he had given to her for surety.    Panfilo plays a significant role in The Decameron. He has the responsibility of presiding as king over the final day of their story telling. And, in order to make up for all of the trickery, deception, and infidelity that preceded his day, he creates a theme that will end their trip on a very good note. His theme of magnificence and generosity is a refreshing turnaround from many of the previous themes. Leading up to his crowning, Emilia asked him to make up for the failings of the previous kings and queens. He tried to accomplish this as best he could, by creating a joyous theme.    Work Cited Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. Transl. G. H. McWilliam. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1972.

Memoirs of a geisha by arthur golden

The geishas of Japan have long held a mystery that has inspired a lot of stories about who they were and how they lived their lives. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur Golden captures this fascinating and mysterious world in a story that contrasts the rich tradition of the geishas and the changes brought about by the World War II in Kyoto. This is the story of Chiyo, with her sister Saysu who are both sold to a stranger by their own father because they have to earn a living due to extreme poverty of their family.At the young age of nine, Chiyo has a beauty that makes her right to be a part of the geisha homes. However, her sister. Saysu, is not fortunate enough, as she does not possess beauty like her sister. Saysu is then forced into prostitution and the sisters are separated by these circumstances. Chiyo however metamorphoses into a beauty and is later known as Sayuri. Because she is the fairest among all the geisha’s in their home, she   eventually earns the wrath of the other geishas who came before her including the equally lovely Hatsumomo. Sayuri is almost destroyed by her rival Hatsumomo who envies her incessantly. If it were not for the intervention of the celebrated geisha Mameha, who coaches Sayuri about the chores and duties of a geisha, it would have been Sayuri’s end. Yet destiny prevails and Sayuri turns out to be a good pupil who learns to love what she has been taught.Author Arthur Golden succeeds in portraying the inner life of a geisha as he weaves the story in an enticing and engrossing way such that viewers find that their intricate kimonos are really not that easy to get into. Equally intricate is the way the story develops with the life of Sayuri as its focus. Golden recreates the scenes with such subtlety, sensuality and mastery of what the geisha world is all about. These glory days of Kyoto's Gion pleasure district is recaptured well in the story.The beauty and historical value of pre-war Japan is also seen here and which ad ds drama and color to the already colorful life of geishas. The book reminds me of the developmental theories which we learned in class. For instance, Bandura’s cognitive emphasis comes to mind as I view the scenes where Sayuri learns the art of being a gracious hostess. She is able to do it because she observed Hatsumomo many times over flipping the fans, turning and bowing to the clients with such excellent perfection. She is able to execute the movements excellently because of the observational learning which comes from observing the behavior of other people. Observational learning cannot occur unless cognitive processes are at work.In the story, the character Chiyo, who later transforms into Sayuri, was a keen observer all along. From the way the people nodded, she knew that there were some people who were plotting evil against her. She observed everything, even her benefactor, who transforms her life and whose actions does not escape the glances that were meant not only to look at the surface level, but to really look and find the nuances which she may uses.This art of observing has been perfected well by Sayuri and this is what removes her from the bind of the tradition and ennui. Observational learning is stressed in this cognitive social learning because this active, cognitive form of learning also permits individuals to be able to quickly assimilate thousands of new responses in a variety of settings. This is where their models are simply pursuing their own interests and are not trying to teach them anything. In the story, Sayuri continually learns both desirable and undesirable responses by keeping her eyes open. Moreover, in the story, we find that human development proceeds so very rapidly along so many different paths.I am also able to correlate the learning insights that there is a broad world view of how one should situate the context of the story. Another broad world view, the contextual model has recently emerged as the perspective that many developmentalists favor (Lerner, 1996). The contextual model views development as the product of a dynamic interplay between person and environment.People are assumed to be active in the developmental process (as in the organismic model) and the environment is active as well (as in the mechanistic model). Development may have both universal aspects and aspects peculiar to certain cultures, times or individuals. The potential exists for both qualitative and quantitative change, and development may proceed along many different paths depending on the intricate interplay between internal forces (nature) and external forces (environment).Since the story dates back to the height of the geishas and the rich culture of Japan, I am reminded again of the cross-cultural comparisons which one can apply as one reads the story. For instance, the story has given me a broad understanding of several Japanese students in the school. Some of them have been acquaintances and I now understand the particular culture that they come from. This provided me with some new ideas on the factors that may impact on the developmental process. It has given me new insights on the link between culture and development.Developmentalists are often hesitant  Ã‚   to publish a new findings or conclusions until they have finally observed and studied quite a number of people so that they can conclude that their results are reliable. However, their conclusions are more often based on participants living at one point in time within one particular culture or subculture. It would then be difficult to know if these conclusions apply to future generations or even to the young people currently growing up in other societies or subcultures (Lerner, 1996).Today, the generalizability of findings across samples and settings has become an important issue, for many theorists have implied that there are â€Å"universals† in human development—events and outcomes that all children share as they p rogress from infancy to adulthood. Thus, the cross-cultural guards against the overgeneralization of research findings.In sum, one must become a knowledgeable reader in order to get the most of what the field of human development has to offer, so that one’s views of the world from books, stories and one’s experiences become integrated in a coherent whole that explains why and how one acts and behaves the way he does. The story could have ended with the characters dismissing it as one of those geisha stories, but author Arthur Golden ends with bravura because the story recaptures the glorious days of the geisha and the values that provide the redeeming factor in an engrossing story of traditional Japan.It is interesting to note that Sayuri is able to blend well to the new environment where she is thrusted into because of her innate flexibility and strength of character from where she gets the power to rejuvenate. She is able to observe that she must obey and observe wha t her associates do, so that she can relate them in her own world as a geisha. She does not resent anything because she is made to do this work, but she negotiates her way around and emerges triumphant in the end where she â€Å"feels as a bird must feel when it has flown across the ocean and comes upon a creature that knows its nest.† (Starr).REFERENCESLerner, R.M. (1996). Relative plasticity, integration, temporality and diversity in humandevelopment: A developmental, contextual perspective about theory, process andmethod. Developmental Psychology. 32. pp. 781-786.Starr. K. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur Golden. Nabou.com. Retrieved Aug. 4, 2007 at:http://bookreviews.nabou.com/reviews/memoirs_of_a_geisha2.html

History of immigration

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tots to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! † Do our immigration policies still honor the words written by Emma Lazarus in 1883 on the base of the Statue of Liberty, and if so, what impact do they have on our economy?The issue of whether our economy is impacted negativity or positively by undocumented workers and what should be done about It Is a widely debated topic in this country right now and reported about on every form of media (news, print, social) available on a dally basis. The Issue of undocumented Immigration Is Important; It concerns fundamental, moral and economic questions about how we deal with Immigration In our country. Various arguments have been presented about this issue.We will consider the argument from people who feel the undocumented workers negatively affect the economy, why those views are flawed, review the evolution of imm igration along with immigration policies and what are in effect presently, what policies would promote change regarding immigration, as well as how we can build a bridge between the two arguments. I will then put forward suggestions for the introduction of ways in which we can begin the changes in policy to best suit both sides of the argument. It has been argued that undocumented workers drain the economy and Just benefit a few businesses at the expense of Americans citizens.An article written by Steven Amalgam, published in the City Journal summer 2006, supports the belief : â€Å"unskilled, undocumented workers benefit a handful of Industries by getting low cost labor, and the taxpayers foot the bill. † In other words, undocumented workers and their illegal families are a drain on our economy. It is claimed that they send every penny they earn to their country of origin, use public services they are not entitled to, perform menial labor, do not pay taxes and their children abuse the right to public services and education.However, as the pamphlet by Neighborhood center states: † in fact there is no question as to the importance of the buying power of undocumented immigrants. The real predictor of wage disparity is not whether someone is an immigrant (regardless of status), it is lack of education. Foreign-born entrepreneurs with startups businesses have been behind 25 percent of these businesses in this country. Three quarters of the undocumented Immigrants pay payroll taxes and they contribute $7 billion In Social Security funds annually without the ability to collect Social Security.While the majority of the children of undocumented Immigrants are born here legally and are eligible to public services and education, their parents for fear of deportation are negative impact on the economy is Just a myth; there is a net benefit to the nation's total economic output raising it by a reported $21. 5 billion per year (USA Today). In addition, accordi ng to a study by the investment research company, Standard & Poor's, â€Å"the cost of providing services to undocumented workers is largely offset by the economic benefits they generate. We can see why if you look at the economic effect on the country without researching your views toughly, on the surface you may be able to put together a shaky argument, but after researching the facts you do see that undocumented workers actually boost our economy, as we see in Gordon H. Hansom's, The Economics and Policy report of illegal immigration in the United States; â€Å"the current regime of illegal immigration, despite its faults, has been efficiently beneficial to US employers that they are doubtful about the capacity of Congress to improve the situation and therefore unwilling to take the political risk of supporting reform.The collected taxes impact our economy now while baby boomers are starting to collect their Social Security benefits they boost the system by the unconvertible fu nds of undocumented workers. † Before we can understand how we arrived at the present immigration policies here in America, we must look back at the evolution of immigration and immigration policy from the 1600 to present time. Our long economic history in America has been shaped by the groups of immigrants that have settled here, what contributions to the economy they brought with them and how the immigration policy changed in response to the influx of each group of immigrants.We will start our review looking at a few immigration groups, the changes made to our immigration policies starting with the English Settlers with traders and their contributions to the economy to present day influx of Middle Eastern and Latin origin immigrants benefiting our economy with access to low cost and back breaking labor. In the 1600 hundreds the traders that were brought by the English settlers not only brought the spices and hard goods to trade, they brought slave labor for trading as well.T his group, African slaves would grow quickly to 20 percent of the population providing cheap labor, and since they were considered property, they were not allowed to be naturalized till 1870. Many different groups came and made contributions to the economy of cheap labor with their meat processing skills, work ethic and willingness to take on highly dangerous back breaking Jobs. With each new group the policy changed; the first immigration law enacted in 1790 (after nearly a century of unregulated immigration and massive economic growth) began defining and restricting citizenship to the United States.The act of 1790 was revised, further restricting and adding requirements for obtaining citizenship. The Asian immigrants experienced a similar exclusionary period as did the Africans; they were allowed to live in the US but were not allowed to become citizens until 1943 when the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was repealed. President Ronald Reagan was instrumental in bringing forth the Im migration Reform and Control Act of 1986.Many revisions have been made to the immigration laws, but t was never as publicized as after September 1 1, 2001 when fear of Terrorism brought the need for reform so we can exclude individuals suspected to be terrorists. Presently the immigration laws are not an easy path to becoming legal and are not family friendly because they separate parents from their American born children Just life. â€Å"America's immigration system is outdated, unsuited to the needs of our economy and to the values of our country.We should not be content with laws that punish hardworking people and deny businesses willing workers and invite chaos at our borders. † George W. Bush, February 2, 2005. George w. Bush and Barack Obama did not agree on many things, but â€Å"They share a belief that the high levels of illegal immigration are an indication of the current policy being broken, and that immigrants by and large make a positive contribution to America. â€Å"We need immigration reform that will secure our borders, and†¦.. That finally brings 12 million people who are here illegally out of the shadows†¦We must assert our values and reconcile our principles as a nation of immigrants and a nation of laws. † Barack Obama, June 28, 2008. Two Presidents, from two different political parties, with very efferent political views share the same view that our immigration system is broken. What changes should be made to the immigration policy here in America? How will those changes affect the economy? What is the moral impact on families? These are questions which divide many; philosophers, labor unions, political parties, the people within political parties, the people in nail salons and Americans in general.Peter Brooklime (1999), a political philosopher, a ND supporter of placing restrictions on immigration that would all but end immigration to this country, believes the current immigration policies second guess the Ameri can people and Jeopardize our nation. Brimless beliefs historically were supported by Labor unions and their leaders, yet even these groups are realizing that the number of immigrant union members has been rapidly increasing (Migration Policy institute 2004) and if they do not begin to embrace the immigrants a large number of their membership base will disappear and possibly their existence as well.To the other extreme, Walter Block argues â€Å"like tariffs and exchange controls, migration barriers of whatever type are egregious locations of laissez-flare capitalism† (Block 1998; 168). The Democratic Party says they support â€Å"immigration reform† and point fingers at the Republican Party for not having it done yet. Ironically, a Republican President supported and pushed for the most encompassing reform possible â€Å"Amnesty in 1996†. We need to arrive at a compromise of the two schools of thought.Yes we do have to protect ourselves from terrorists and crimi nals, but not at the cost of our crops not being picked or produce being too high to purchase, our manicures and pedicures getting out of control price sis or our restaurants having to raise prices so high only the rich could afford to eat out. We need to also morally take into consideration families. Why should I, a second generation American( paternal side of my family) and a multi generation American( on the maternal side of my family), with children who are first generation Americans be denied my late mother in law to visit and stay with us as long as is mutually agreed upon.The Consulate in Ecuador at first denied us a visa for my Mother in Law. I had to fight for my rights as an American to bring her home with me. They only gave her a 3 month visa. I also had to close my eyes after the three month visa expired to her being illegally in America. So America's immigration policy made this grandmother a criminal. While we ponder on what to do about immigration we must control ours elves from falling subject to xenophobia, misconceptions and political rhetoric.We do need to continue with researching the brings forth in their applications to come to America or that are here presently â€Å"illegally'. The paperwork involved should not be so difficult that we only further the economy by creating further Jobs in the immigration law field. If you have family here already and have been contributing to our economy through your hard work, contributing to our economy through your spending power and good civic behavior, why should you have a difficult path to legalization?Simplify paperwork, intensify background checks of those applying and their family members here and in their country of origin, require medical examination and community service components in the legalization path. Allow those that are here to pay a nominal fee, submit simple applications to change their immigration status from illegal to in process of globalization and come out of the shadows. This will really protect our borders by knowing who is here amongst us.Willingness to do good works for the many non- profit organizations that exist should be much more important than your financial resources in your country of origin in any path to legalization. Policy should be put in place allowing immigrants here to move from â€Å"illegal† to citizen in a reasonable amount of time with the before mentioned components built in so we can weed out the criminals not willing to live by our laws and contribute to our society and support he growth of our country, while rewarding the immigrants that with their diversity and civic responsibility add to the strength of our country.These policies would improve the type of applicant, reduce need for expense of immigration lawyers, and reduce the need to spend on expensive man power in INS offices, and embassies, move the emphases on skilled, community minded, productive, family oriented immigrants willing to pay their taxes and contribu te to diversity and economic growth of our wonderful country. We need to build a bridge between the main two arguments of public safety nickering terrorists and Jeopardizing our economy, as well as moral fiber with policies that will have protections of the many while also representing the fiber that made our country what it is.Allowing the right wing to impose restrictions on immigration based on fear is not in the best interest of our country. In conclusion, we are a nation of immigrants. The only Americans that truly belong here is those with Native American Indian ancestry. The rest of the American population is either descendents of immigrants or immigrants themselves; some by choice and others forced to migrate due to refugee, slavery etc. Our Country was made by immigrants, and this is a supporting case point to continue allowing immigration at a fairly high level.